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Ratings calculated (see below the table) according ASME B31.3-2002 Table K-1 for plain end standard seamless carbon steel pipes and tubes spec. no. A-53 B, A-106 B, A333, A334 and API 5L. Temperatures ranging 100 oF - 700 oF.
Pressure and Temperature Ratings ASTM A-53, A-106 and API 5L Grade B Carbon Steel Pipes - Metric UnitsSize (in) | Outside Diameter (in) | Wall Thickness (in) | Inside Diameter (in) | Schedule | Temperature (oF) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 650 | 700 | |||||
Allowable Stress (psi) | ||||||||||||
20000 | 20000 | 20000 | 20000 | 18900 | 17300 | 17000 | 16500 | |||||
1/2 | 0.84 | 0.109 | 0.622 | 40 | 4995 | 4995 | 4995 | 4995 | 4721 | 4321 | 4246 | 4121 |
0.84 | 0.147 | 0.546 | 80 | 6980 | 6980 | 6980 | 6980 | 6596 | 6038 | 5933 | 5759 | |
0.84 | 0.188 | 0.464 | 160 | 9289 | 9289 | 9289 | 9289 | 8778 | 8035 | 7895 | 7663 | |
0.84 | 0.294 | 0.252 | 16225 | 16225 | 16225 | 16225 | 15333 | 14035 | 13791 | 13386 | ||
3/4 | 1.05 | 0.113 | 0.824 | 40 | 4074 | 4074 | 4074 | 4074 | 3849 | 3524 | 3463 | 3361 |
1.05 | 0.154 | 0.742 | 80 | 5721 | 5721 | 5721 | 5721 | 5406 | 4948 | 4863 | 4720 | |
1.05 | 0.219 | 0.612 | 160 | 8548 | 8548 | 8548 | 8548 | 8078 | 7394 | 7266 | 7052 | |
1.05 | 0.308 | 0.434 | 12919 | 12919 | 12919 | 12919 | 12209 | 11175 | 10982 | 10659 | ||
1 | 1.315 | 0.133 | 1.049 | 40 | 3810 | 3810 | 3810 | 3810 | 3600 | 3295 | 3238 | 3143 |
1.315 | 0.179 | 0.957 | 80 | 5266 | 5266 | 5266 | 5266 | 4976 | 4555 | 4476 | 4344 | |
1.315 | 0.25 | 0.815 | 160 | 7675 | 7675 | 7675 | 7675 | 7253 | 6639 | 6524 | 6332 | |
1.315 | 0.358 | 0.599 | 11772 | 11772 | 11772 | 11772 | 11124 | 10183 | 10006 | 9712 | ||
1 1/4 | 1.66 | 0.14 | 1.38 | 40 | 3137 | 3137 | 3137 | 3137 | 2964 | 2714 | 2666 | 2588 |
1.66 | 0.191 | 1.278 | 80 | 4380 | 4380 | 4380 | 4380 | 4139 | 3789 | 3723 | 3613 | |
1.66 | 0.25 | 1.16 | 160 | 5892 | 5892 | 5892 | 5892 | 5568 | 5097 | 5008 | 4861 | |
1.66 | 0.382 | 0.896 | 9601 | 9601 | 9601 | 9601 | 9073 | 8305 | 8161 | 7921 | ||
1 1/2 | 1.9 | 0.145 | 1.61 | 40 | 2822 | 2822 | 2822 | 2822 | 2667 | 2441 | 2399 | 2328 |
1.9 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 80 | 3977 | 3977 | 3977 | 3977 | 3759 | 3440 | 3381 | 3281 | |
1.9 | 0.281 | 1.338 | 160 | 5774 | 5774 | 5774 | 5774 | 5457 | 4995 | 4908 | 4764 | |
1.9 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 8642 | 8642 | 8642 | 8642 | 8167 | 7475 | 7346 | 7130 | ||
2 | 2.375 | 0.109 | 2.157 | 10 | 1660 | 1660 | 1660 | 1660 | 1568 | 1436 | 1411 | 1369 |
2.375 | 0.154 | 2.067 | 40 | 2377 | 2377 | 2377 | 2377 | 2247 | 2056 | 2021 | 1961 | |
2.375 | 0.218 | 1.939 | 80 | 3433 | 3433 | 3433 | 3433 | 3244 | 2970 | 2918 | 2832 | |
2.375 | 0.25 | 1.875 | 3977 | 3977 | 3977 | 3977 | 3759 | 3440 | 3381 | 3281 | ||
2.375 | 0.281 | 1.813 | 4515 | 4515 | 4515 | 4515 | 4267 | 3905 | 3838 | 3725 | ||
2.375 | 0.344 | 1.687 | 160 | 5641 | 5641 | 5641 | 5641 | 5331 | 4880 | 4795 | 4654 | |
2.375 | 0.436 | 1.503 | 7373 | 7373 | 7373 | 7373 | 6967 | 6377 | 6267 | 6082 | ||
2 1/2 | 2.875 | 0.12 | 2.635 | 10 | 1505 | 1505 | 1505 | 1505 | 1422 | 1302 | 1279 | 1241 |
2.875 | 0.203 | 2.469 | 40 | 2600 | 2600 | 2600 | 2600 | 2457 | 2249 | 2210 | 2145 | |
2.875 | 0.216 | 2.443 | 2776 | 2776 | 2776 | 2776 | 2623 | 2401 | 2359 | 2290 | ||
2.875 | 0.25 | 2.375 | 3241 | 3241 | 3241 | 3241 | 3063 | 2803 | 2755 | 2674 | ||
2.875 | 0.276 | 2.323 | 80 | 3602 | 3602 | 3602 | 3602 | 3404 | 3116 | 3062 | 2972 | |
2.875 | 0.375 | 2.125 | 160 | 5024 | 5024 | 5024 | 5024 | 4748 | 4346 | 4270 | 4145 | |
2.875 | 0.552 | 1.771 | 7763 | 7763 | 7763 | 7763 | 7336 | 6715 | 6599 | 6405 | ||
3 | 3.5 | 0.12 | 3.26 | 1230 | 1230 | 1230 | 1230 | 1162 | 1064 | 1045 | 1014 | |
3.5 | 0.156 | 3.188 | 1610 | 1610 | 1610 | 1610 | 1522 | 1393 | 1369 | 1328 | ||
3.5 | 0.172 | 3.156 | 1781 | 1781 | 1781 | 1781 | 1683 | 1541 | 1514 | 1470 | ||
3.5 | 0.188 | 3.124 | 1953 | 1953 | 1953 | 1953 | 1846 | 1690 | 1660 | 1612 | ||
3.5 | 0.216 | 3.068 | 40 | 2258 | 2258 | 2258 | 2258 | 2133 | 1953 | 1919 | 1862 | |
3.5 | 0.25 | 3 | 2632 | 2632 | 2632 | 2632 | 2487 | 2276 | 2237 | 2171 | ||
3.5 | 0.281 | 2.938 | 2977 | 2977 | 2977 | 2977 | 2814 | 2575 | 2531 | 2456 | ||
3.5 | 0.3 | 2.9 | 80 | 3191 | 3191 | 3191 | 3191 | 3016 | 2761 | 2713 | 2633 | |
3.5 | 0.438 | 2.624 | 160 | 4801 | 4801 | 4801 | 4801 | 4536 | 4152 | 4080 | 3960 | |
3.5 | 0.6 | 2.3 | 6818 | 6818 | 6818 | 6818 | 6443 | 5898 | 5795 | 5625 | ||
3 1/2 | 4 | 0.12 | 3.76 | 10 | 1073 | 1073 | 1073 | 1073 | 1014 | 928 | 912 | 885 |
4 | 0.226 | 3.548 | 140 | 2059 | 2059 | 2059 | 2059 | 1946 | 1781 | 1750 | 1699 | |
4 | 0.25 | 3.5 | 2288 | 2288 | 2288 | 2288 | 2162 | 1979 | 1944 | 1887 | ||
4 | 0.281 | 3.438 | 2586 | 2586 | 2586 | 2586 | 2444 | 2237 | 2198 | 2133 | ||
4 | 0.318 | 3.364 | 80 | 2946 | 2946 | 2946 | 2946 | 2784 | 2549 | 2505 | 2431 | |
4 | 0.636 | 2.728 | 6262 | 6262 | 6262 | 6262 | 5918 | 5417 | 5323 | 5166 | ||
4 | 4.5 | 0.12 | 4.26 | 10 | 951 | 951 | 951 | 951 | 899 | 823 | 808 | 785 |
4.5 | 0.156 | 4.188 | 1244 | 1244 | 1244 | 1244 | 1175 | 1076 | 1057 | 1026 | ||
4.5 | 0.188 | 4.124 | 1506 | 1506 | 1506 | 1506 | 1423 | 1303 | 1280 | 1243 | ||
4.5 | 0.203 | 4.094 | 1630 | 1630 | 1630 | 1630 | 1541 | 1410 | 1386 | 1345 | ||
4.5 | 0.219 | 4.062 | 1763 | 1763 | 1763 | 1763 | 1666 | 1525 | 1499 | 1455 | ||
4.5 | 0.237 | 4.026 | 40 | 1914 | 1914 | 1914 | 1914 | 1809 | 1656 | 1627 | 1579 | |
4.5 | 0.25 | 4 | 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | 1912 | 1750 | 1720 | 1669 | ||
4.5 | 0.281 | 3.938 | 60 | 2285 | 2285 | 2285 | 2285 | 2160 | 1977 | 1943 | 1886 | |
4.5 | 0.312 | 3.876 | 2550 | 2550 | 2550 | 2550 | 2410 | 2206 | 2168 | 2104 | ||
4.5 | 0.337 | 3.826 | 80 | 2766 | 2766 | 2766 | 2766 | 2614 | 2393 | 2351 | 2282 | |
4.5 | 0.438 | 3.624 | 120 | 3656 | 3656 | 3656 | 3656 | 3455 | 3162 | 3107 | 3016 | |
4.5 | 0.531 | 3.438 | 160 | 4502 | 4502 | 4502 | 4502 | 4254 | 3894 | 3827 | 3714 | |
4.5 | 0.674 | 3.152 | 5856 | 5856 | 5856 | 5856 | 5534 | 5066 | 4978 | 4831 | ||
5 | 5.563 | 0.188 | 5.187 | 1211 | 1211 | 1211 | 1211 | 1145 | 1048 | 1030 | 999 | |
5.563 | 0.219 | 5.125 | 1417 | 1417 | 1417 | 1417 | 1339 | 1226 | 1204 | 1169 | ||
5.563 | 0.258 | 5.047 | 40 | 1678 | 1678 | 1678 | 1678 | 1585 | 1451 | 1426 | 1384 | |
5.563 | 0.281 | 5.001 | 1833 | 1833 | 1833 | 1833 | 1732 | 1585 | 1558 | 1512 | ||
5.563 | 0.312 | 4.939 | 2043 | 2043 | 2043 | 2043 | 1931 | 1767 | 1737 | 1686 | ||
5.563 | 0.344 | 4.875 | 2262 | 2262 | 2262 | 2262 | 2138 | 1957 | 1923 | 1866 | ||
5.563 | 0.375 | 4.813 | 80 | 2476 | 2476 | 2476 | 2476 | 2340 | 2142 | 2105 | 2043 | |
5.563 | 0.5 | 4.563 | 120 | 3357 | 3357 | 3357 | 3357 | 3172 | 2904 | 2853 | 2770 | |
5.563 | 0.625 | 4.313 | 160 | 4268 | 4268 | 4268 | 4268 | 4033 | 3692 | 3628 | 3521 | |
5.563 | 0.75 | 4.063 | 5210 | 5210 | 5210 | 5210 | 4924 | 4507 | 4429 | 4299 | ||
6 | 6.625 | 0.109 | 6.407 | 5 | 583 | 583 | 583 | 583 | 551 | 504 | 495 | 481 |
6.625 | 0.134 | 6.357 | 10 | 718 | 718 | 718 | 718 | 679 | 621 | 610 | 592 | |
6.625 | 0.156 | 6.313 | 838 | 838 | 838 | 838 | 792 | 725 | 712 | 691 | ||
6.625 | 0.188 | 6.249 | 1013 | 1013 | 1013 | 1013 | 958 | 877 | 861 | 836 | ||
6.625 | 0.203 | 6.219 | 1096 | 1096 | 1096 | 1096 | 1036 | 948 | 932 | 904 | ||
6.625 | 0.219 | 6.187 | 1184 | 1184 | 1184 | 1184 | 1119 | 1024 | 1007 | 977 | ||
6.625 | 0.25 | 6.125 | 1357 | 1357 | 1357 | 1357 | 1282 | 1173 | 1153 | 1119 | ||
6.625 | 0.28 | 6.065 | 40 | 1524 | 1524 | 1524 | 1524 | 1441 | 1319 | 1296 | 1258 | |
6.625 | 0.312 | 6.001 | 1704 | 1704 | 1704 | 1704 | 1611 | 1474 | 1449 | 1406 | ||
6.625 | 0.344 | 5.937 | 1886 | 1886 | 1886 | 1886 | 1782 | 1631 | 1603 | 1556 | ||
6.625 | 0.375 | 5.875 | 2063 | 2063 | 2063 | 2063 | 1949 | 1784 | 1753 | 1702 | ||
6.625 | 0.432 | 5.761 | 80 | 2391 | 2391 | 2391 | 2391 | 2260 | 2069 | 2033 | 1973 | |
6.625 | 0.5 | 5.625 | 2789 | 2789 | 2789 | 2789 | 2635 | 2412 | 2371 | 2301 | ||
6.625 | 0.562 | 5.501 | 120 | 3156 | 3156 | 3156 | 3156 | 2983 | 2730 | 2683 | 2604 | |
6.625 | 0.625 | 5.375 | 3535 | 3535 | 3535 | 3535 | 3341 | 3058 | 3005 | 2917 | ||
6.625 | 0.719 | 5.187 | 160 | 4111 | 4111 | 4111 | 4111 | 3885 | 3556 | 3494 | 3391 | |
6.625 | 0.864 | 4.897 | 5023 | 5023 | 5023 | 5023 | 4747 | 4345 | 4270 | 4144 | ||
6.625 | 1 | 4.625 | 5907 | 5907 | 5907 | 5907 | 5582 | 5110 | 5021 | 4873 | ||
6.625 | 1.125 | 4.375 | 6745 | 6745 | 6745 | 6745 | 6374 | 5835 | 5733 | 5565 | ||
8 | 8.625 | 0.188 | 8.25 | 775 | 775 | 775 | 775 | 732 | 670 | 659 | 639 | |
8.625 | 0.203 | 8.219 | 838 | 838 | 838 | 838 | 792 | 724 | 712 | 691 | ||
8.625 | 0.219 | 8.187 | 905 | 905 | 905 | 905 | 855 | 783 | 769 | 746 | ||
8.625 | 0.237 | 8.151 | 981 | 981 | 981 | 981 | 927 | 848 | 834 | 809 | ||
8.625 | 0.25 | 8.125 | 20 | 1036 | 1036 | 1036 | 1036 | 979 | 896 | 880 | 854 | |
8.625 | 0.277 | 8.071 | 30 | 1150 | 1150 | 1150 | 1150 | 1087 | 995 | 977 | 949 | |
8.625 | 0.312 | 8.001 | 1299 | 1299 | 1299 | 1299 | 1228 | 1124 | 1104 | 1072 | ||
8.625 | 0.322 | 7.981 | 40 | 1342 | 1342 | 1342 | 1342 | 1268 | 1161 | 1140 | 1107 | |
8.625 | 0.344 | 7.937 | 1436 | 1436 | 1436 | 1436 | 1357 | 1242 | 1221 | 1185 | ||
8.625 | 0.375 | 7.875 | 1570 | 1570 | 1570 | 1570 | 1483 | 1358 | 1334 | 1295 | ||
8.625 | 0.406 | 7.813 | 60 | 1704 | 1704 | 1704 | 1704 | 1610 | 1474 | 1448 | 1406 | |
8.625 | 0.438 | 7.749 | 1843 | 1843 | 1843 | 1843 | 1742 | 1594 | 1566 | 1520 | ||
8.625 | 0.5 | 7.625 | 80 | 2115 | 2115 | 2115 | 2115 | 1998 | 1829 | 1798 | 1745 | |
8.625 | 0.562 | 7.501 | 2390 | 2390 | 2390 | 2390 | 2258 | 2067 | 2031 | 1971 | ||
8.625 | 0.594 | 7.437 | 100 | 2533 | 2533 | 2533 | 2533 | 2393 | 2191 | 2153 | 2089 | |
8.625 | 0.625 | 7.375 | 2672 | 2672 | 2672 | 2672 | 2525 | 2311 | 2271 | 2204 | ||
8.625 | 0.719 | 7.187 | 120 | 3098 | 3098 | 3098 | 3098 | 2928 | 2680 | 2634 | 2556 | |
8.625 | 0.812 | 7.001 | 140 | 3528 | 3528 | 3528 | 3528 | 3334 | 3051 | 2998 | 2910 | |
8.625 | 0.875 | 6.875 | 3822 | 3822 | 3822 | 3822 | 3612 | 3306 | 3249 | 3153 | ||
8.625 | 0.906 | 6.813 | 160 | 3968 | 3968 | 3968 | 3968 | 3750 | 3433 | 3373 | 3274 | |
10 | 10.75 | 0.188 | 10.374 | 620 | 620 | 620 | 620 | 586 | 536 | 527 | 511 | |
10.75 | 0.203 | 10.374 | 670 | 670 | 670 | 670 | 633 | 579 | 569 | 553 | ||
10.75 | 0.219 | 10.312 | 723 | 723 | 723 | 723 | 684 | 626 | 615 | 597 | ||
10.75 | 0.237 | 10.276 | 784 | 784 | 784 | 784 | 741 | 678 | 666 | 647 | ||
10.75 | 0.25 | 10.25 | 20 | 827 | 827 | 827 | 827 | 782 | 716 | 703 | 683 | |
10.75 | 0.279 | 10.192 | 925 | 925 | 925 | 925 | 874 | 800 | 786 | 763 | ||
10.75 | 0.307 | 10.136 | 30 | 1020 | 1020 | 1020 | 1020 | 964 | 882 | 867 | 841 | |
10.75 | 0.344 | 10.062 | 1146 | 1146 | 1146 | 1146 | 1083 | 991 | 974 | 945 | ||
10.75 | 0.365 | 10.02 | 40 | 1217 | 1217 | 1217 | 1217 | 1150 | 1053 | 1035 | 1004 | |
10.75 | 0.375 | 10 | 1251 | 1251 | 1251 | 1251 | 1183 | 1083 | 1064 | 1032 | ||
10.75 | 0.438 | 9.874 | 1468 | 1468 | 1468 | 1468 | 1387 | 1270 | 1248 | 1211 | ||
10.75 | 0.5 | 9.75 | 60 | 1683 | 1683 | 1683 | 1683 | 1590 | 1456 | 1430 | 1388 | |
10.75 | 0.562 | 9.626 | 1899 | 1899 | 1899 | 1899 | 1795 | 1643 | 1614 | 1567 | ||
10.75 | 0.594 | 9.562 | 80 | 2012 | 2012 | 2012 | 2012 | 1901 | 1740 | 1710 | 1660 | |
10.75 | 0.625 | 9.5 | 2121 | 2121 | 2121 | 2121 | 2005 | 1835 | 1803 | 1750 | ||
10.75 | 0.719 | 9.312 | 100 | 2456 | 2456 | 2456 | 2456 | 2321 | 2124 | 2088 | 2026 | |
10.75 | 0.812 | 9.126 | 2791 | 2791 | 2791 | 2791 | 2638 | 2414 | 2373 | 2303 | ||
10.75 | 0.844 | 9.062 | 120 | 2908 | 2908 | 2908 | 2908 | 2748 | 2515 | 2472 | 2399 | |
10.75 | 1 | 8.75 | 140 | 3483 | 3483 | 3483 | 3483 | 3291 | 3012 | 2960 | 2873 | |
10.75 | 1.125 | 8.5 | 160 | 3952 | 3952 | 3952 | 3952 | 3735 | 3419 | 3359 | 3261 | |
12 | 12.75 | 0.188 | 12.374 | 521 | 521 | 521 | 521 | 493 | 451 | 443 | 430 | |
12.75 | 0.203 | 12.374 | 564 | 564 | 564 | 564 | 533 | 487 | 479 | 465 | ||
12.75 | 0.219 | 12.312 | 608 | 608 | 608 | 608 | 575 | 526 | 517 | 502 | ||
12.75 | 0.237 | 12.276 | 659 | 659 | 659 | 659 | 623 | 570 | 560 | 544 | ||
12.75 | 0.25 | 12.25 | 20 | 696 | 696 | 696 | 696 | 658 | 602 | 591 | 574 | |
12.75 | 0.281 | 12.188 | 783 | 783 | 783 | 783 | 740 | 678 | 666 | 646 | ||
12.75 | 0.312 | 12.126 | 871 | 871 | 871 | 871 | 823 | 754 | 741 | 719 | ||
12.75 | 0.33 | 12.09 | 30 | 923 | 923 | 923 | 923 | 872 | 798 | 784 | 761 | |
12.75 | 0.344 | 12.062 | 962 | 962 | 962 | 962 | 910 | 833 | 818 | 794 | ||
12.75 | 0.375 | 12 | 1051 | 1051 | 1051 | 1051 | 993 | 909 | 893 | 867 | ||
12.75 | 0.406 | 11.938 | 40 | 1140 | 1140 | 1140 | 1140 | 1077 | 986 | 969 | 940 | |
12.75 | 0.438 | 11.874 | 1232 | 1232 | 1232 | 1232 | 1164 | 1066 | 1047 | 1016 | ||
12.75 | 0.5 | 11.75 | 1411 | 1411 | 1411 | 1411 | 1334 | 1221 | 1200 | 1164 | ||
12.75 | 0.562 | 11.626 | 60 | 1592 | 1592 | 1592 | 1592 | 1504 | 1377 | 1353 | 1313 | |
12.75 | 0.625 | 11.5 | 1777 | 1777 | 1777 | 1777 | 1679 | 1537 | 1510 | 1466 | ||
12.75 | 0.688 | 11.374 | 80 | 1963 | 1963 | 1963 | 1963 | 1855 | 1698 | 1668 | 1619 | |
12.75 | 0.75 | 11.25 | 2147 | 2147 | 2147 | 2147 | 2029 | 1857 | 1825 | 1771 | ||
12.75 | 0.844 | 11.062 | 100 | 2429 | 2429 | 2429 | 2429 | 2296 | 2101 | 2065 | 2004 | |
12.75 | 1 | 10.75 | 120 | 2905 | 2905 | 2905 | 2905 | 2745 | 2512 | 2469 | 2396 | |
12.75 | 1.125 | 10.5 | 140 | 3292 | 3292 | 3292 | 3292 | 3111 | 2847 | 2798 | 2716 | |
12.75 | 1.312 | 10.126 | 160 | 3881 | 3881 | 3881 | 3881 | 3668 | 3357 | 3299 | 3202 | |
14 | 14 | 0.25 | 13.5 | 10 | 633 | 633 | 633 | 633 | 598 | 547 | 538 | 522 |
14 | 0.281 | 13.438 | 713 | 713 | 713 | 713 | 673 | 616 | 606 | 588 | ||
14 | 0.312 | 13.376 | 20 | 792 | 792 | 792 | 792 | 749 | 685 | 674 | 654 | |
14 | 0.344 | 13.312 | 875 | 875 | 875 | 875 | 827 | 757 | 744 | 722 | ||
14 | 0.375 | 13.25 | 30 | 955 | 955 | 955 | 955 | 903 | 826 | 812 | 788 | |
14 | 0.406 | 13.188 | 1036 | 1036 | 1036 | 1036 | 979 | 896 | 881 | 855 | ||
14 | 0.438 | 13.124 | 40 | 1120 | 1120 | 1120 | 1120 | 1058 | 968 | 952 | 924 | |
14 | 0.459 | 13.082 | 1174 | 1174 | 1174 | 1174 | 1110 | 1016 | 998 | 969 | ||
14 | 0.5 | 13 | 1282 | 1282 | 1282 | 1282 | 1212 | 1109 | 1090 | 1058 | ||
14 | 0.562 | 12.876 | 1446 | 1446 | 1446 | 1446 | 1366 | 1250 | 1229 | 1193 | ||
14 | 0.594 | 12.812 | 60 | 1530 | 1530 | 1530 | 1530 | 1446 | 1324 | 1301 | 1263 | |
14 | 0.625 | 12.75 | 1613 | 1613 | 1613 | 1613 | 1524 | 1395 | 1371 | 1331 | ||
14 | 0.688 | 12.624 | 1781 | 1781 | 1781 | 1781 | 1683 | 1541 | 1514 | 1470 | ||
14 | 0.75 | 12.5 | 80 | 1948 | 1948 | 1948 | 1948 | 1841 | 1685 | 1656 | 1607 | |
14 | 0.812 | 12.376 | 2116 | 2116 | 2116 | 2116 | 2000 | 1830 | 1799 | 1746 | ||
14 | 0.938 | 12.124 | 100 | 2460 | 2460 | 2460 | 2460 | 2325 | 2128 | 2091 | 2030 | |
14 | 1.094 | 11.812 | 120 | 2893 | 2893 | 2893 | 2893 | 2734 | 2503 | 2459 | 2387 | |
14 | 1.25 | 11.5 | 14O | 3333 | 3333 | 3333 | 3333 | 3150 | 2883 | 2833 | 2750 | |
14 | 1.406 | 11.188 | 160 | 3781 | 3781 | 3781 | 3781 | 3573 | 3270 | 3214 | 3119 | |
16 | 16 | 0.188 | 15.624 | 415 | 415 | 415 | 415 | 392 | 359 | 352 | 342 | |
16 | 0.203 | 15.594 | 448 | 448 | 448 | 448 | 423 | 388 | 381 | 370 | ||
16 | 0.219 | 15.562 | 484 | 484 | 484 | 484 | 457 | 418 | 411 | 399 | ||
16 | 0.237 | 15.526 | 524 | 524 | 524 | 524 | 495 | 453 | 445 | 432 | ||
16 | 0.25 | 15.5 | 10 | 553 | 553 | 553 | 553 | 523 | 478 | 470 | 456 | |
16 | 0.281 | 15.438 | 622 | 622 | 622 | 622 | 588 | 538 | 529 | 513 | ||
16 | 0.312 | 15.376 | 20 | 692 | 692 | 692 | 692 | 654 | 599 | 588 | 571 | |
16 | 0.344 | 15.312 | 764 | 764 | 764 | 764 | 722 | 661 | 649 | 630 | ||
16 | 0.375 | 15.25 | 30 | 834 | 834 | 834 | 834 | 788 | 721 | 709 | 688 | |
16 | 0.406 | 15.188 | 904 | 904 | 904 | 904 | 854 | 782 | 769 | 746 | ||
16 | 0.438 | 15.124 | 977 | 977 | 977 | 977 | 923 | 845 | 830 | 806 | ||
16 | 0.469 | 15.062 | 1047 | 1047 | 1047 | 1047 | 990 | 906 | 890 | 864 | ||
16 | 0.5 | 15 | 40 | 1118 | 1118 | 1118 | 1118 | 1057 | 967 | 950 | 923 | |
16 | 0.562 | 14.876 | 1260 | 1260 | 1260 | 1260 | 1191 | 1090 | 1071 | 1040 | ||
16 | 0.625 | 14.75 | 1406 | 1406 | 1406 | 1406 | 1328 | 1216 | 1195 | 1160 | ||
16 | 0.656 | 14.688 | 60 | 1477 | 1477 | 1477 | 1477 | 1396 | 1278 | 1256 | 1219 | |
16 | 0.688 | 14.624 | 1552 | 1552 | 1552 | 1552 | 1466 | 1342 | 1319 | 1280 | ||
16 | 0.75 | 14.5 | 1696 | 1696 | 1696 | 1696 | 1603 | 1467 | 1442 | 1399 | ||
16 | 0.812 | 14.376 | 80 | 1842 | 1842 | 1842 | 1842 | 1740 | 1593 | 1565 | 1519 | |
16 | 1.031 | 13.938 | 100 | 2362 | 2362 | 2362 | 2362 | 2232 | 2043 | 2008 | 1949 | |
16 | 1.219 | 13.562 | 120 | 2817 | 2817 | 2817 | 2817 | 2662 | 2437 | 2394 | 2324 | |
16 | 1.438 | 13.124 | 140 | 3357 | 3357 | 3357 | 3357 | 3172 | 2904 | 2853 | 2769 | |
16 | 1.594 | 12.812 | 160 | 3748 | 3748 | 3748 | 3748 | 3542 | 3242 | 3186 | 3092 | |
18 | 18 | 0.219 | 17.562 | 429 | 429 | 429 | 429 | 406 | 372 | 365 | 354 | |
18 | 0.237 | 17.526 | 465 | 465 | 465 | 465 | 440 | 402 | 395 | 384 | ||
18 | 0.25 | 17.5 | 491 | 491 | 491 | 491 | 464 | 425 | 417 | 405 | ||
18 | 0.281 | 17.438 | 552 | 552 | 552 | 552 | 522 | 478 | 470 | 456 | ||
18 | 0.312 | 17.376 | 20 | 614 | 614 | 614 | 614 | 580 | 531 | 522 | 507 | |
18 | 0.344 | 17.312 | 678 | 678 | 678 | 678 | 641 | 586 | 576 | 559 | ||
18 | 0.375 | 17.25 | 740 | 740 | 740 | 740 | 699 | 640 | 629 | 610 | ||
18 | 0.406 | 17.188 | 802 | 802 | 802 | 802 | 758 | 694 | 682 | 662 | ||
18 | 0.438 | 17.124 | 30 | 866 | 866 | 866 | 866 | 819 | 749 | 736 | 715 | |
18 | 0.469 | 17.062 | 929 | 929 | 929 | 929 | 878 | 803 | 790 | 766 | ||
18 | 0.5 | 17 | 992 | 992 | 992 | 992 | 937 | 858 | 843 | 818 | ||
18 | 0.562 | 16.876 | 40 | 1117 | 1117 | 1117 | 1117 | 1056 | 966 | 950 | 922 | |
18 | 0.625 | 16.75 | 1246 | 1246 | 1246 | 1246 | 1177 | 1077 | 1059 | 1028 | ||
18 | 0.688 | 16.624 | 60 | 1375 | 1375 | 1375 | 1375 | 1299 | 1189 | 1168 | 1134 | |
18 | 0.75 | 16.5 | 1502 | 1502 | 1502 | 1502 | 1420 | 1299 | 1277 | 1239 | ||
18 | 0.812 | 16.376 | 1630 | 1630 | 1630 | 1630 | 1541 | 1410 | 1386 | 1345 | ||
18 | 0.938 | 16.124 | 80 | 1893 | 1893 | 1893 | 1893 | 1789 | 1637 | 1609 | 1562 | |
18 | 1.156 | 15.688 | 100 | 2354 | 2354 | 2354 | 2354 | 2224 | 2036 | 2001 | 1942 | |
18 | 1.275 | 15.25 | 120 | 2609 | 2609 | 2609 | 2609 | 2465 | 2256 | 2217 | 2152 | |
18 | 1.562 | 14.876 | 140 | 3234 | 3234 | 3234 | 3234 | 3056 | 2797 | 2749 | 2668 | |
18 | 1.781 | 14.438 | 160 | 3721 | 3721 | 3721 | 3721 | 3516 | 3218 | 3163 | 3070 |
1) STD (standard) = schedule 40
2) XS (extra strong) = schedule 80
The calculations of allowable pressure in the table above are made with the ANSI/ASME Piping Code B31.1 equation:
P = 2 SE (tm - A) / (Do - 2 y (tm - A)) (1)
where
P = allowable pressure (psi)
SE = maximum allowable stress in pipe wall (psi)
tm = wall thickness (in) Note! -12.5% manufacturing tolerance on wall thickness are used in the calculations above.
A = additional thickness depending of type of pipe (in) (A = 0 for the calculations above)
y = a coefficient depending on material and temperature range (y = 0.4 for the calculations above)
Do = outside diameter (in)
Maximum allowable pressure and temperature ratings for petroleum refinery piping and chemical plant piping systems grade B with plane ends according ANSI/ASME B31.3 Process Piping.
Maximum Allowable Pressure (kPa) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal Size (mm) | Schedule no. | Wall Thickness (mm) | Temperature (oC) | ||||||||
-29 - 38 | 205 | 260 | 350 | 370 | 400 | 4301) | 450 | ||||
Maximum Allowable Stress (MPa) | |||||||||||
137.8 | 137.8 | 130.2 | 117.1 | 115.7 | 89.6 | 74.4 | 59.9 | ||||
15 | STD | 40 | 2.77 | 34416 | 34416 | 32528 | 29255 | 28910 | 22372 | 18589 | 14972 |
XS | 80 | 3.73 | 48092 | 48092 | 45466 | 40878 | 40396 | 31260 | 25969 | 20918 | |
160 | 4.78 | 62830 | 62830 | 59378 | 53404 | 52777 | 40837 | 33929 | 27333 | ||
XXS | 7.47 | 98245 | 98245 | 92836 | 83507 | 82522 | 63857 | 53053 | 42739 | ||
20 | STD | 40 | 2.87 | 28070 | 28070 | 26526 | 23860 | 23578 | 18245 | 15158 | 12209 |
XS | 80 | 3.91 | 39418 | 39418 | 37247 | 33506 | 33106 | 25617 | 21283 | 17142 | |
160 | 5.56 | 58152 | 58152 | 54955 | 49429 | 48843 | 37799 | 31398 | 25293 | ||
XXS | 7.82 | 83107 | 83107 | 78539 | 70643 | 69809 | 54024 | 44881 | 36152 | ||
25 | STD | 40 | 3.38 | 26251 | 26251 | 24804 | 22310 | 22048 | 17060 | 14173 | 11417 |
XS | 80 | 4.55 | 36283 | 36283 | 34285 | 30862 | 30474 | 23584 | 19595 | 15785 | |
160 | 6.35 | 52481 | 52481 | 49594 | 44606 | 44082 | 34112 | 28339 | 22827 | ||
XXS | 9.09 | 77030 | 77030 | 72793 | 65476 | 64704 | 50070 | 41595 | 33506 | ||
32 | STD | 40 | 3.56 | 21614 | 21614 | 20421 | 18369 | 18155 | 14049 | 11672 | 9404 |
XS | 80 | 4.85 | 30178 | 30178 | 28518 | 25651 | 25348 | 19616 | 16295 | 13125 | |
160 | 6.35 | 40596 | 40596 | 38364 | 34505 | 34099 | 26389 | 21924 | 17659 | ||
XXS | 9.70 | 64601 | 64601 | 61045 | 54906 | 54266 | 41988 | 34884 | 28097 | ||
40 | STD | 40 | 3.68 | 19444 | 19444 | 18375 | 16529 | 16329 | 12636 | 10550 | 8454 |
XS | 80 | 5.08 | 27402 | 27402 | 25900 | 23295 | 23019 | 17811 | 14800 | 11919 | |
160 | 7.14 | 39738 | 39738 | 37599 | 33816 | 33416 | 25858 | 21483 | 17308 | ||
XXS | 10.16 | 58779 | 58799 | 55547 | 49966 | 49374 | 38205 | 31742 | 25569 | ||
50 | STD | 40 | 3.91 | 16378 | 16378 | 15468 | 13925 | 13759 | 10645 | 8847 | 7124 |
XS | 80 | 5.54 | 23653 | 23653 | 22351 | 20105 | 19871 | 15378 | 12774 | 10287 | |
160 | 8.74 | 38866 | 38866 | 36731 | 33037 | 32652 | 25266 | 20987 | 16908 | ||
XXS | 11.07 | 50793 | 50793 | 48003 | 43173 | 42670 | 33017 | 27429 | 22096 | ||
65 | STD | 40 | 5.16 | 17914 | 17914 | 16929 | 15227 | 15048 | 11644 | 9674 | 7793 |
XS | 80 | 7.01 | 24818 | 24818 | 23447 | 21097 | 20849 | 16129 | 13401 | 10797 | |
160 | 9.53 | 34615 | 34615 | 32714 | 29420 | 29076 | 22503 | 18693 | 15055 | ||
XXS | 14.02 | 53081 | 53081 | 50159 | 45116 | 44585 | 34498 | 28662 | 23088 | ||
80 | STD | 40 | 5.49 | 15558 | 15558 | 14969 | 13222 | 13063 | 10108 | 8399 | 6766 |
XS | 80 | 7.62 | 21986 | 21968 | 20780 | 18693 | 18472 | 14290 | 11871 | 9563 | |
160 | 11.13 | 33079 | 33079 | 31253 | 28111 | 27780 | 21497 | 17859 | 14386 | ||
XXS | 15.24 | 46976 | 46976 | 44392 | 39928 | 39459 | 30536 | 25369 | 20436 | ||
100 | STD | 40 | 6.02 | 13187 | 13187 | 12464 | 11210 | 11079 | 8571 | 7124 | 5739 |
XS | 80 | 8.56 | 19058 | 19058 | 18010 | 16198 | 16012 | 12388 | 12094 | 8289 | |
120 | 11.13 | 25190 | 25190 | 23805 | 21407 | 21159 | 16371 | 13601 | 10995 | ||
160 | 13.49 | 31019 | 31019 | 29310 | 26368 | 26058 | 20160 | 16750 | 13208 | ||
XXS | 17.12 | 40348 | 40348 | 38129 | 34298 | 33892 | 26230 | 21786 | 17549 | ||
125 | STD | 40 | 6.55 | 11561 | 11561 | 10921 | 9825 | 9708 | 7510 | 6243 | 5038 |
XS | 80 | 9.53 | 17060 | 17060 | 16122 | 14503 | 14331 | 11093 | 9212 | 7421 | |
120 | 12.70 | 23130 | 23130 | 21855 | 19657 | 19430 | 15034 | 12492 | 10059 | ||
160 | 15.88 | 29407 | 29407 | 27787 | 24997 | 24701 | 19113 | 15881 | 12795 | ||
XXS | 19.05 | 35897 | 35897 | 33926 | 30516 | 30158 | 23337 | 19388 | 15620 | ||
150 | STD | 40 | 7.11 | 10550 | 10550 | 9928 | 8924 | 8819 | 6828 | 5370 | 4568 |
XS | 80 | 10.97 | 16474 | 16474 | 15571 | 14007 | 13842 | 10707 | 8895 | 7165 | |
120 | 14.27 | 21745 | 21745 | 20553 | 18448 | 18265 | 14138 | 11747 | 9460 | ||
XXS | 160 | 18.26 | 28325 | 28325 | 26768 | 24074 | 23784 | 18410 | 15296 | 12319 | |
200 | 20 | 6.35 | 7138 | 7138 | 6745 | 6063 | 5994 | 4637 | 3852 | 3100 | |
30 | 7.04 | 7924 | 7924 | 7489 | 6732 | 6656 | 5147 | 4279 | 3445 | ||
STD | 40 | 8.18 | 9246 | 9246 | 8737 | 7855 | 7765 | 6008 | 4995 | 4024 | |
60 | 10.31 | 11741 | 11741 | 11093 | 9977 | 9860 | 7627 | 6339 | 5105 | ||
XS | 80 | 12.70 | 14572 | 14572 | 13766 | 12388 | 12237 | 9474 | 7868 | 6338 | |
100 | 15.09 | 17452 | 17452 | 16488 | 14834 | 14655 | 11341 | 9426 | 7593 | ||
120 | 18.26 | 21345 | 21345 | 20174 | 18148 | 17935 | 13876 | 11527 | 9288 | ||
140 | 20.62 | 24308 | 24308 | 22971 | 20656 | 20415 | 15799 | 13125 | 10569 | ||
XXS | 22.23 | 26334 | 26334 | 24877 | 22386 | 22124 | 17115 | 14221 | 11458 | ||
160 | 23.01 | 27340 | 27340 | 25838 | 23240 | 22964 | 17769 | 14765 | 11892 | ||
250 | 20 | 6.35 | 5698 | 5698 | 5388 | 4844 | 4789 | 3707 | 3080 | 2480 | |
30 | 7.8 | 7028 | 7028 | 6642 | 5974 | 5905 | 4568 | 3796 | 3059 | ||
STD | 40 | 9.27 | 8385 | 8385 | 7923 | 7131 | 7048 | 5450 | 4527 | 3652 | |
XS | 60 | 12.7 | 11596 | 11596 | 10955 | 9853 | 9736 | 7538 | 6263 | 5043 | |
80 | 15.09 | 13863 | 13863 | 13098 | 11781 | 11644 | 9012 | 7483 | 6028 | ||
100 | 18.26 | 16922 | 16922 | 15992 | 14386 | 14214 | 10996 | 9136 | 7359 | ||
120 | 21.44 | 20036 | 20036 | 18934 | 17032 | 16825 | 13022 | 10817 | 8716 | ||
XXS | 140 | 25.4 | 23998 | 23998 | 16474 | 20394 | 20153 | 15599 | 12960 | 10438 | |
160 | 28.58 | 27229 | 27229 | 25734 | 23143 | 22875 | 17700 | 14703 | 11844 | ||
300 | 20 | 6.35 | 4795 | 4795 | 4534 | 4072 | 4024 | 3114 | 2591 | 2088 | |
30 | 8.38 | 6359 | 6359 | 6008 | 5402 | 5540 | 4134 | 3431 | 2763 | ||
STD | 9.53 | 7241 | 7241 | 6842 | 6153 | 6084 | 4706 | 3914 | 3149 | ||
40 | 10.31 | 7854 | 7854 | 7421 | 6676 | 6601 | 5015 | 4244 | 3417 | ||
XS | 12.70 | 9722 | 9722 | 9191 | 8268 | 8165 | 6318 | 5250 | 4230 | ||
60 | 14.27 | 10969 | 10969 | 10363 | 9322 | 9212 | 7131 | 5925 | 4768 | ||
80 | 17.48 | 13525 | 13525 | 12850 | 11492 | 11362 | 8792 | 7303 | 5884 | ||
100 | 21.44 | 16736 | 16736 | 15819 | 14227 | 14062 | 10879 | 9040 | 7283 | ||
XXS | 120 | 25.4 | 20015 | 20015 | 18913 | 17011 | 16811 | 13008 | 10804 | 8702 | |
140 | 28.58 | 22682 | 22682 | 21435 | 19278 | 19051 | 14744 | 12244 | 9866 | ||
160 | 33.32 | 26740 | 26740 | 25273 | 22730 | 22461 | 17383 | 14441 | 11630 | ||
350 | 10 | 6.35 | 4361 | 4361 | 4120 | 3707 | 3665 | 2831 | 2356 | 1895 | |
20 | 7.92 | 5457 | 5457 | 5161 | 4644 | 4589 | 3548 | 2949 | 2377 | ||
STD | 30 | 9.53 | 6580 | 6580 | 6222 | 5595 | 5533 | 4279 | 3555 | 2866 | |
40 | 11.13 | 7717 | 7717 | 7310 | 6559 | 6477 | 5016 | 4168 | 3355 | ||
XS | 12.70 | 8833 | 8833 | 8351 | 7510 | 7421 | 5739 | 4768 | 3845 | ||
60 | 15.09 | 10541 | 10541 | 9963 | 8964 | 8861 | 6855 | 5691 | 4589 | ||
80 | 19.05 | 13421 | 13421 | 12684 | 11410 | 11272 | 9723 | 7248 | 5836 | ||
100 | 23.83 | 16949 | 16949 | 16019 | 14407 | 14242 | 11017 | 9157 | 7372 | ||
120 | 27.79 | 19933 | 19933 | 18837 | 16943 | 16743 | 12960 | 10762 | 8675 | ||
140 | 31.75 | 22964 | 22964 | 21703 | 19519 | 19292 | 14931 | 12402 | 9990 | ||
160 | 35.71 | 26051 | 26051 | 24618 | 22144 | 21883 | 16936 | 14069 | 11334 | ||
400 | 10 | 6.35 | 3810 | 3810 | 3603 | 3238 | 3197 | 2474 | 2060 | 1660 | |
20 | 7.92 | 4768 | 4768 | 4507 | 4051 | 4004 | 3100 | 2577 | 2074 | ||
STD | 30 | 9.53 | 5746 | 5746 | 5429 | 4885 | 4830 | 3734 | 3100 | 2501 | |
XS | 40 | 12.70 | 7703 | 7703 | 7283 | 6545 | 6470 | 5009 | 4126 | 3349 | |
60 | 16.66 | 10176 | 10176 | 9618 | 8654 | 8550 | 6614 | 5498 | 4430 | ||
80 | 21.44 | 13208 | 13208 | 12478 | 11224 | 11093 | 8585 | 7131 | 5746 | ||
100 | 26.19 | 16274 | 16274 | 15378 | 13835 | 13670 | 10576 | 8785 | 7076 | ||
120 | 30.96 | 19409 | 19409 | 18341 | 16481 | 16302 | 12616 | 10480 | 8440 | ||
140 | 36.53 | 23130 | 23130 | 21855 | 19657 | 19430 | 15034 | 12492 | 10059 | ||
160 | 40.49 | 25824 | 25824 | 24404 | 21952 | 21697 | 16784 | 13945 | 11238 | ||
450 | 10 | 6.35 | 3383 | 3383 | 3197 | 2873 | 2839 | 2198 | 1826 | 1474 | |
20 | 7.92 | 4230 | 4230 | 3996 | 3597 | 3555 | 2749 | 2287 | 1839 | ||
STD | 9.53 | 5099 | 5099 | 4816 | 4334 | 4286 | 3314 | 2756 | 2219 | ||
XS | 30 | 11.13 | 5967 | 5967 | 5643 | 5071 | 5016 | 3879 | 3225 | 2598 | |
12.70 | 6835 | 6835 | 6456 | 5808 | 5739 | 4437 | 3686 | 2969 | |||
40 | 14.27 | 7696 | 7696 | 7276 | 6545 | 6463 | 5002 | 4155 | 3349 | ||
60 | 19.05 | 10349 | 10349 | 9784 | 8799 | 8695 | 6725 | 5588 | 4499 | ||
80 | 23.83 | 13043 | 13043 | 12326 | 11086 | 10955 | 8475 | 7042 | 5670 | ||
100 | 29.36 | 16219 | 16219 | 15323 | 13787 | 13622 | 10542 | 8757 | 7055 | ||
120 | 34.93 | 19464 | 19464 | 18389 | 16543 | 16350 | 12650 | 10507 | 8468 | ||
140 | 39.67 | 22282 | 22282 | 21056 | 18941 | 18713 | 11483 | 12030 | 9694 | ||
160 | 45.24 | 25638 | 25638 | 24225 | 21793 | 21531 | 16660 | 13842 | 11155 | ||
500 | 10 | 6.35 | 3038 | 3038 | 2873 | 2574 | 2556 | 1977 | 1640 | 1323 | |
STD | 20 | 9.53 | 4582 | 4582 | 4327 | 3893 | 3852 | 2976 | 2474 | 1991 | |
XS | 30 | 12.70 | 6139 | 6139 | 5801 | 5216 | 5154 | 3989 | 3314 | 2666 | |
40 | 15.09 | 7317 | 7317 | 6911 | 6215 | 6146 | 4754 | 3948 | 3183 | ||
60 | 20.62 | 10080 | 10080 | 9522 | 8564 | 8468 | 6552 | 5443 | 4382 | ||
80 | 26.19 | 12898 | 12898 | 12188 | 10962 | 10831 | 8385 | 6966 | 5608 | ||
100 | 32.54 | 16171 | 16171 | 15287 | 13746 | 13580 | 10514 | 8730 | 7035 | ||
120 | 38.10 | 19085 | 19085 | 18037 | 16226 | 16033 | 12409 | 10307 | 8302 | ||
140 | 44.45 | 22475 | 22475 | 21242 | 19106 | 18879 | 14614 | 12140 | 9777 | ||
160 | 50.01 | 25450 | 25450 | 24094 | 21675 | 21421 | 16577 | 13766 | 11093 | ||
600 | 10 | 6.35 | 2529 | 2529 | 2391 | 2150 | 2129 | 1647 | 1364 | 1102 | |
STD | 20 | 9.53 | 3810 | 3810 | 3603 | 3238 | 3197 | 2474 | 2060 | 1660 | |
XS | 12.70 | 5097 | 5097 | 4816 | 4334 | 4286 | 3314 | 2756 | 2219 | ||
30 | 14.27 | 5739 | 5739 | 5423 | 4878 | 4823 | 3734 | 3100 | 2494 | ||
40 | 17.48 | 7055 | 7055 | 6670 | 5994 | 5925 | 4589 | 3810 | 3066 | ||
60 | 24.61 | 10018 | 10018 | 9467 | 8516 | 8420 | 6511 | 5409 | 4361 | ||
80 | 30.96 | 12691 | 12691 | 12002 | 10783 | 10659 | 8254 | 6856 | 5519 | ||
100 | 38.89 | 16102 | 16102 | 15220 | 13690 | 10528 | 10466 | 8695 | 7007 | ||
120 | 46.02 | 19223 | 19223 | 18168 | 16336 | 16150 | 12491 | 10383 | 8364 | ||
140 | 52.37 | 22048 | 22048 | 20835 | 18741 | 18520 | 14331 | 11906 | 9591 | ||
160 | 59.54 | 25279 | 25279 | 23888 | 21489 | 21235 | 16433 | 13649 | 10996 | ||
1) Due to the possible conversion of carbon to graphite (graphitization) - carbon steel pipes should be avoided for temperatures above 425oC. Instead Alloy steels should be used.